Carpeting is an essential element of interior design, offering both aesthetic appeal and functional benefits. Understanding the technical terminology associated with carpets can enhance your appreciation for this versatile flooring option. Delving into the world of carpet terminology provides valuable insights into the quality and characteristics of different carpet types. In this article, we will explore key technical words used in the carpet industry, shedding light on the intricacies of carpet construction and helping you make informed decisions when selecting the perfect carpet for your space .

Cartouche (Border)

A decorative frame or border that encloses the central design of a hand-woven carpet. Cartouches are often used in Oriental and Persian carpets and can include floral or geometric patterns

Knot 

The basic unit of the pattern in a hand-woven carpet. Knots are created by tying the weft threads around pairs of warp threads. The type of knot used can affect the look, texture, and durability of the carpet.

Loom 

A carpet loom is a device or machine used in the process of weaving carpets or rugs. It holds the warp (vertical) threads in place while the weft (horizontal) threads are woven through. Carpet looms can vary in complexity, from simple, hand-operated devices to large, industrial machines. They enable the creation of intricate patterns and designs, making each rug or carpet unique

Motif

A motif in the hand-woven carpet industry refers to a recurring decorative or artistic element that is used to create the pattern of the carpet. A motif may be a symbol, a geometric shape, a floral element, or an animal, for example. Motifs are often combined together to form intricate patterns and designs that are unique to a specific region or culture. In the carpet weaving process, motifs are incorporated into the design by knotting colored fibers together in specific patterns to create the desired shape. The choice and arrangement of motifs plays a significant role in determining the overall aesthetic and cultural significance of a hand-woven carpet.

Medallion 

Medallion is a common pattern in the Persian rugs. 

The medallion is protected by the Cartouche and it is usually in the center of the rug which represents the sun of supernatural divine world. 

Raj (KPSI , KPSM)

Raj (In Persian language) means number of knots per 7 cm ; In official language of the carpet world , KPSI or KPSM are used.

KPSI stands for Knots Per Square Inch, and it is a commonly used unit of measurement in the hand-woven carpet industry. It refers to the number of knots woven into one square inch of the carpet’s surface. The higher the KPSI, the finer and more intricate the design of the carpet can be, as more knots are woven per square inch. KPSI is an important factor to consider when evaluating the quality and value of a hand-woven carpet, as it reflects the skill and craftsmanship of the weaver.

Pile 

The surface of the carpet that is made up of loops or cut fibers. Pile can be thick or thin, long or short, and can be made from a variety of materials. The height and density of the pile can affect the look and durability of the carpet.

Shed

The space between the warp threads where the weft threads are woven through during the hand-weaving process. The shed is created by raising one or more sets of warp threads to create an opening that allows the weft threads to be woven through.

Selvedge

The tightly woven edge of a hand-woven carpet that runs parallel to the warp threads. Selvedges are created by wrapping the weft threads around the edge of the carpet to prevent the edges from fraying.

Wrap 

The vertical threads that are strung on a loom and run the length of a hand-woven carpet. The warp threads are the foundation for the carpet and are tightly stretched across the loom to provide a stable base for the weft threads to be woven over and under.

Weft

The horizontal threads that are woven across the warp threads during the hand-weaving process. Weft threads are sometimes referred to as “filling” threads and are interlaced over and under the warp threads to create the pattern of the carpet.